By Claudia Korol .- There are different versions about the origin of 8 March as International Women's Day. In what all agree is that the date appears as such from the initiative presented by Clara Zetkin in the II th International Conference of Socialist Women held in Copenhagen on 26 and 27 August 1910. Clara Zetkin based its proposal on the willingness to follow the example of American socialist women, that since the late nineteenth century were carrying out important struggles as workers, had been held for the first time the Women's Day in Chicago, May 3 1908, involving 1500 women. Clara Zetkin and Rosa Luxemburg were two intelligent and active precursors of the struggles of women, and effort that they have an place in the forefront of global emancipation movement.
few months later, on March 19, 1911, was first celebrated the International Women's Day, with mass rallies in Germany (involving more than one million women), Austria, Denmark and Sweden. Demanded the right to vote of women, to hold public office, the right to work, vocational education, at the end of discrimination at work, at the end of sexual exploitation.
The Russian Revolution left a new mark on those days. On February 23, 1917 as the Russian calendar (8 March in the Gregorian calendar), women rebelled, triggering the revolutionary process would have its peak in October of that year. He wrote about the Russian revolutionary leader Alexandra Kollontai, "The day of the workers, the March 8, 1917 - was a memorable date in history. The February revolution had begun." One hundred years later
marks a century of the first international act of vindication of the rights of women, which was also the struggle for peace against imperialist war and the affirmation of a socialist perspective.
If the origins of the 20 th century, the emancipation movement mobilized women found in struggle, "awakening" and "participating" discussing their roles in patriarchal societies, and were also left-son-carriers of these marks, in the early 21 collect the fruits of many battles, from extending the scope of rights at all levels. The right to vote for women was widespread, and now not only participates in the vote, but women have gained in specific areas the political and social development. This has also taught the biological condition is not enough to be carriers of a culture change, since in many cases, women reproduce patriarchal logic, and are associated with these models of power to legitimize their role.
In the field of economic and social rights and the right to decide on our bodies, there has been progress in public policy.
However, these achievements have to contrast the subordination of many women who suffer in their daily life conditions of oppression and violence.
In the case of Latin America, capitalism, patriarchy and colonialism, have been historically established simultaneously, bearing the mark of conquest. So when it looks at violence against women, we must look at the history of impunity and to refer to the first foundational facts of capitalism on the continent: the "settlers" are appropriated to territories the same time, wealth, bodies of indigenous women and black slaves. And still do, as part of the recolonization of these lands. In recent years, the commodification of all aspects of life also increased the commodification of women's bodies.
The feminization of resistance
At the recent World Social Forum held in Dakar, Senegal, between 6 and 11 February, feminist and anti-globalization movement was found with thousands of women who have struggled in different parts of the world and in particular on the continent in those days began to roar in the squares and streets in mass revolt that ended with the Mubarak regime and continues to spread like wildfire to other countries. They were moving the voices and the presence of African women, who have shown their decision to be in the streets, fighting authoritarianism, and religious fundamentalism.
also heard the voices of women from other continents. After 10 years of existence of this event-summit struggles against globalization, for the first time attention was called from old Europe, wracked by the impact of the crisis of capitalism at home. They were not only allegations of abuse that migrant women face daily. Also heard the voices of feminist activists and labor leaders, as the Italian union Alessandra Mecozzi, who analyzed in a table how it impacts on the lives of women, the crisis in his country: "The economic and social crisis in our country and in Europe is very strong, because the attack of capitalism and neoliberal policies, multinational corporations against workers is very large. In our country, the country of the Vatican, there is also a general regression in culture, the image of women. A new use of the woman's body, and the relationship between the body and money, which is horrible. It is a very masculine model that is gaining strength, also for the role of the media. But women are fighting with great force, demanding social role and changing government policies. "
Days after the Forum, more than a million women took to the streets and squares of Italy demanding the resignation of Silvio Berlusconi, accused of child prostitution, corruption, abuse of authority ... Berlusconi reacted by dismissing as "subversive" women who marched in defense of dignity. Argentina feminist philosopher notes Maffía Diana: "Of course, feminism is subversive, because it distorts the hierarchical relations of gender. There is a slogan in feminism: "The personal is political. " This means on one side than on interpersonal relationships, home, love, there are relations of power. The other aspect is how staff are in the public world, seemingly open to all, democratic equality. When women are encouraged that world are "prostitutes", ie women who are available to any man, because they are restricted to be privatized body of a man in particular. We're talking about commercial use of women's bodies, including the purchase of women's sexuality. The transformation of a body into a commodity is the limit of slavery, but also the limit of contract sexuality. Is someone who puts his body and sexuality, and another that makes money. When that money is controlled in a dramatic percentage of males-United Nations says women are only 2% of global production facilities, including land, we can analyze how economic resources are concentrated in male hands and see also in terms of sexuality is a financial and emotional surplus value on women's bodies. Not only with prostitution. Also with the housework. Trapping the bodies of women in decisions of men. Their bodies are expropriated. "
Under the Social Forum Globally, women of Via Campesina International Peasant movements-articulation of the world-used the space to launch the campaign against violence towards women and children. Via Campesina points in his speech: "We can not remain silent! To look away and remain silent We share responsibility for this violence. To mobilize against, contribute to poverty eradication and building a society based on equality and justice. Violence against women, whether occurring at work and in our organizations, within the same household or community is also an issue of farmers' organizations.. " Situations
of violence against people and against women were reported also from Latin America. Honduran singer-songwriter Karla Lara, a member of Feminists in resistance, noted in one of the tables: "While we can not reverse the coup, knowing we are free has been a triumph that no one is going to take away. ... Resist a regime that protects landowners murderers, against the repeal of section 18-02 which granted land titling. Resist a fundamentalist regime, homophobic that has killed more than 25 colleagues in the gay community, which together with the movement lesbian, transvestite and transsexual, unite and work in Diversity Collective Sexual. ... Resist the threat of reverse frequency permits granted and the decision to deny any new permits for short-range radio, community radio alternatives. Resist a regime that is killing people who have direct or indirect link with the National Front. Resist the body, leaving aside the fear, putting his face, words and our days ... RESIST in our fight to place the problem of femicide in the category of political problem that is, to make them visible on the national agenda and to permeate FNRP structures as such. Resist the policy of impunity, creating a real Committee Verdad. RESISTIMOS a la militarización del país, la instalación de las bases gringas, la aprobación de una Ley Antiterrorista, que legitima las acciones criminales del terrorismo de Estado. Las feministas hacemos RESISTENCIA al sistema patriarcal y frente a nuestros propios compañeros y compañeros. Damos la lucha porque se entienda que el feminismo es una propuesta política en la búsqueda de igualdad de oportunidades entre mujeres y hombres, y para que la visión anticapitalista se una a la visión antipatriarcal y antirracista. Para que en función de la lucha de clases, no se crea necesario postergar la agenda de derechos sexuales, reproductivos, de valoración y visibilización de nuestro aporte. Resistimos frente the belief that patriarchy also slipped in the bones and the minds of those who make the resistance. Because feminism is no longer enough knows that the speech of a better society when little or nothing of our lives as a couple, with our daughters and sons, our fathers and mothers with a radical change in the look of women as second-class subject. So feminism looks back to the land, the ancestors, nature. Find a way of life consistent with the philosophy of good living that since indigenous peoples are proposed. .. But not only resist: we're walking towards the reestablishment of Honduras, inventing the paths to a Constituent popular, feminist, antiracist made by and for all. And while in Honduras women and men in resistance continue claiming that the current regime is the continuation of the coup and to stand firm on not recognizing the current regime. " Other Forums
these days is meeting in Buenos Aires, the seminar "Making Peace in Colombia" driven by Latin American / as for peace, joint spaces that have among their most important drivers to the former Colombian Senator Piedad Córdoba , one of the bravest women in the battle for peace in his country, costing him a tremendous political persecution and media campaigns to discredit.
Speaking Stop pointing with Piedad Córdoba: "No time is not conducive to work for peace in a country that has 60 years of war. Many years ago was not an event of this nature, where the guerrillas took the decision to participate, clearly and openly. In this seminar we hope to take a series of conclusions that are generating a scenario for the peace agreement in Colombia, a scenario of humanization of war, for example no more false positives, the situation of political prisoners in prisons, displacement of thousands of people, the disappearance of men and women, and the discussion of issues such as prisoners of war. The purpose of this meeting is the consolidation of grassroots peace movement, and we want to contribute to the construction of a political agenda that seeks to achieve peace in Colombia with social justice. Is the construction of an international agenda for the recognition of our civil war, the interests at stake, the ethical, political, economic, environmental and humanistic peace. Do not open the doors of peace, is condemned to barbarism. It is an apocalyptic interpretation. Is the result of what we see when we find the rural country. When all regions of the country, come the testimonies of the population on human rights violations. "
The words and deeds of piety, are in the frame of a genealogy of women who have managed to entangle their lives in the battles for peace, against all oppression, and the complete emancipation of the bodies and looted by the territories capitalism, patriarchy, colonialism.
A century after the first celebration of International Women's Day, we will have new reasons for hope, for rebellion, for dignity. Women, many recognized, and many more anonymous, we are creating opportunities to bring the revolution and joy to unleash pain and centuries of injustice, to re feminism from below, from memory, and from walking of our people.
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